Education is a fundamental prerequisite for the development of a country, but there are considerable challenges in the education system in Cameroon. Despite a high enrolment rate of 92% of primary school children in 2009, 248,000 children of primary school age, including 210,000 girls, were still not in school. The gender ratio is unbalanced, as there are only 87 girls for every 100 boys enrolled. Education also suffers from poor quality, with 15% of pupils having to repeat a grade and 31% of children dropping out of school in 2008. Only 55% of enrolled pupils completed elementary school, and the ratio of teachers to pupils was 46:1 in 2009, with only 57% of teachers qualified. The transition rate to secondary school is around 40%, and the high repeat and drop-out rates continue there.